Boiler Equipment House

13 Essential Fittings

1. Two (2) or I pair of Boiler Safety Valves

                Purpose:           First warning of high Steam Pressure

                Final warning of excessive pressure

                                         To protect the boiler from over pressure failure

2. Main Stream Stop Valve

                Purpose:          To isolate boiler from plant equipments.

3. Two (2) or One Pair of Water Level Gauge Glass

                Purpose:          To normally check water level

               To double check the water level

               Water sampling point (for middle level water sampling where applicable)

LAW AND REGULATION

Faderal Machinery Department Law:

a)      All pressure vessels must comply to the design requirement

·         F.M.D Act

o   BS 2790

o   ASME CODE

b)      All pressure vessel must comply to the required maintainance and inspection by F.M.D certified inspector

c)       All fire pressure vessels shall have a certified steam engine driver

·         Max tube plug – 5%

Questions:

1. Why do you need a boilerman certified?
2. Why annual inspection?
3. How long before inspection is needed?

Responsibility Of Boilerman

a)      When accident in boiler house

·         Do whatever safety acts first, inform management and report to DOSH

·         Keep boiler log book record (if not, fine RM10000)

Make sure always read and understand the the regulation of Factory and Machinery Act. Read about Steam Boiler and Unfired Pressure vessel.

Note:

P.U.(A) 5/70 FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (STEAM BOILER AND UNFIRED PRESSURE VESSEL) REGULATIONS, 1970

LIST OF AMENDMENTS.

Amending law	Short title	In force from
P.U.(A) 172/70	Factories and Machinery (Steam Boiler and Unfired Pressure Vessel) Regulations 1970.	21-5-1970
P.U.(A) 173/70	Factories and Machinery (Steam Boiler and Unfired Pressure Vessel) Regulations 1970.	21-5-1970
P.U.(A) 174/70	Factories and Machinery (Steam Boiler and Unfired Pressure Vessel) Regulations 1970.	21-5-1970
P.U.(A) 375/71	Factories and Machinery (Steam Boiler and Unfired Pressure Vessel) (Amendment) Regulations 1971.	21-10-1971
P.U.(B) 29/72	Factories and Machinery (Steam Boiler and Unfired Pressure Vessel) Regulations 1970.	20-6-1972
P.U.(B) 112/77	Factories and Machinery (Steam Boiler and Unfired Pressure Vessel) Regulations 1970.	10-3-1977
P.U.(A) 85/79	Factories and Machinery (Steam Boiler and Unfired Pressure Vessel) Regulations 1970.	26-4-1979
P.U.(A) 86/79	Factories and Machinery (Steam Boiler and Unfired Pressure Vessel) Regulations 1970.	26-4-1979
P.U.(A) 87/79	Factories and Machinery (Steam Boiler and Unfired Pressure Vessel) Regulations 1970.	26-4-1979
P.U.(B) 655/80	Factories and Machinery (Steam Boiler and Unfired Pressure Vessel) Regulations 1970.	11-12-1977

idea project

Benda-benda yang ada di bawah ni merupakan sebahagian daripada satu blog yang aku baca berkaitan idea untuk menghasilkan projek; tak kira la projek semester akhir diploma, projek sarjana muda, projek sarjana mahupun PHD. 

 untuk lebih info, lawati :

http://iprojectideas.blogspot.com/

Solar water heater

 

Mini Scooter

Mini Scooter is good and practical project for mechanical students. Moreover, it can be build using the materials which are available easily.


By building scooter , you will understand the how it works and also what are the difficulties engineers face while building two wheeler. I would suggest you to go one step further by building it green. Green means scooter which runs on compress air or solar or any form of energy which is less polluting then existing one.


While building this project , I would suggest you to focus only on its functioning and less on looks or its design malfunctions. Because designing is altogether different field , it needs different approach and time which we can do later after building our mini scooter.

mini homemade wood lathe machine

A lathe is a machine tool which rotates the workpiece on its axis to perform various operations.

The wood lathe helps us to become creative.It can be used for a wide variety of very precise

operations that allow you to turn almost any thing from a table leg, a chair leg, to a railing post, light
post or even a candle sconce. This machine allows you to hand cut the most amazing things out of
plain stock.

Materials Required :

1.Sewing Machine Motor

2.9/32 Socket

3.Epoxy

4.Hammer

5.Wood

6.Screw and Screw Driver

7.Drilling Machine.

Water fuel Power Generation System

 Is it possible to use water to power our cars?


Some people claim that it is possible and done before and other thinks, it has never been done and would need more time before this actually happen. But all of them believe that someday we can run our cars on water. I found this project idea interesting enough to discuss with you. If you are believer of  water fuel cell invented by American Stanley Allen Meyer.Then you should try this project and see whether we can run our cars on water or if we can generate power using water fuel cells? 

Solar Powered Bag

From last few years phones are getting smart, Laptops are becoming Tablets and CD Players are becoming iPods. All these changes make us more dependent on electronic devices than ever. Though these devices keep us connected, but when battery runs out they become liability. That makes battery charging one of the most important needs of today’s world.
In my post mobile charger using bicycle, I discussed how we can charge our battery while riding on a bike. Today we will discuss about Solar powered Bag which is not only useful and handy but uses green technology too. Solar bag consists of skinny film solar cells and batteries. It contains a flexible monocrystalline solar panel, battery, charge controller, plugs, cords and light bulbs. It provides users with power up to 120 watt-hours/day, capable of powering electronic equipments rated up to 300 W.

Charge Batteries with Radio Waves

Wireless energy transfer or wireless power is the transmission of electrical energy from a power source to an electrical load without artificial interconnecting conductors.Have you heard of infinite charging , if not than in this project on the same we are talking about. In this modern world where almost all people have mobile this project is going to be extremely helpful.


The problem of wireless power transmission differs from that of wireless telecommunications, such as radio. In the latter, the proportion of energy received becomes critical only if it is too low for the signal to be distinguished from the background noise. With wireless power, efficiency is the more significant parameter.  A large part of the energy sent out by the generating plant must arrive at the receiver or receivers to make the system economical.


This technology can be used not just for charging but for using it for other purposes too. Read "Bye Bye Batteries" article from NewYork Times to know more.


Concept :


Concept of this project is very simple. We all know that Radio waves have energy stored in them, what we are trying is to convert its energy into electric current and store it into the batteries bundled with our mobile phone.

Hydrogen powered vehicle

Hydrogen Vehicles use energy produced by fuel cells. A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts chemical energy from a fuel into electric energy. Electricity is generated from the reaction between a fuel supply and an oxidizing agent.This project idea is for mechanical and automobile engineering students.

Ini semua aku ambil dari blog yang aku suggest di atas. Ada banyak lagi idea-idea yang menarik yang boleh "diambil iktibar". Kalau berminat layarilah sendiri:

project idea

BOILER START UP, OPERATION AND SHUT DOWN

How to start a boiler?

Pre start up list

1. Water check 

a)      Check softener proper functioning

b)      Check TDS of softener outlet water using the standard test kit

c)       Check water tank level

d)      Open the related water supply value, if needed

e)      Check chemical pump functioning and the chemical tank level to be fill up, if needed.

f)       Open the feed water pumps’ isolating value

g)      Check for any abnormal leakage along the water supply system.

Boiler Equipment House part 3

10. Two Feed Water Pump or 1 Pump Plus 1 Steam Injector Attachment (pressure 30% higher than boiler operating pressure)

                Purpose:              To pump water into boiler

11. Fusible plug

Purpose:              Mechanical way to prevent the boiler from overheating, when all the other safety features fail

12. P.M.D. Plate/Registration Plate

                Purpose:          To identified boiler registration with related authorities (JKKP, DOSH, etc..)
   

13. Manufacturer Name Plate

                Purpose:              Specification of the boiler

Common Question:

1. Name the 13 Essential Fittings.
2. How many necessary boiler fittings?
3. Describe the functions of some of the essential fittings.

Boiler Equipment House part 2

5. Inspector Pressure Gauge Attachment

                Purpose:              For double check of pressure gauge function by JKKP inspector

6. Blow down Valve

                Purpose:              For boiler water blow down so as to control the boiler water TDS.

                For boiler water level manual control so as to test the water level controllers

7. Feed water check valve

                Purpose:              One direction flow of fluid into the stream boiler

                Prevent back flow of steam into feed water tank

8. Low-Low Water Level Alarm

                Purpose:              To give warning on second low water level

i)                    Low-low water level alarm

ii)                   Low-low water level lock out

9. Low-Low Water Level Cut off (Burner Lock Out)

                Purpose:              To prevent boiler over heating failure

Bab 6: Enjin Pembakaran Dalam part2

6.2       ENJIN KITAR 4 LEJANG DAN 2 LEJANG

ENJIN 2-LEJANG

KEBAIKAN

• Kuasa keluaran adalah 50%  hingga 80% lebih dari enjin petrol
• Kos pemulihan adalah lebih rendah
• Kurang kompenan utama yang bergerak
• Tork enjin adalah seragam
• Lebih ringan dan padat

KEBURUKAN

• Pembaziran bahan api
• Pembuangan gas ekzos adalah tidak sempurna yang mana akan terdapat saki-bakinya dan tidak akan menyebabkan pembakaran yang sempurna bagi kitaran seterusnya.
• Pencemaran yang teruk akibat pembakaran yang tidak sempurna dan juga pembaziran bahanapi (2T)
• Enjin cepat mengalami panas lampau

ENJIN 4 LEJANG

KEBAIKAN

• Kelajuan piston yang tinggi
• Piston lebih sejuk
• Tidak ada pembaziran bahanapi melalui ekzos

KEBURUKAN

• Rekabentuk adalah rumit
• Kompenan utama yang begerak adalah lebih banyak
• Keluaran tork adalah tidak begitu stabil kerana piston perlu turun naik sebanyak empat kali. Ianya akan stabil jika digunakan silinder yang lebih dari satu.
• Enjin lebih berat
• Memerlukan senggaraan yang lebih baik

ENJIN PETROL (4 LEJANG)

KEBAIKAN

• Paras bahanapi tidak perlu diawasi
• Tidak perlu dijujus
• Asap tidak hitam
• Hanya satu filter atau tiada langsung
• Jika bocor akan terpeluwap

KEBURUKAN

• Nilai tork yang rendah
• Bahanapi yang mahal
• Kandungan karbon monoksida yang tinggi

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO BOILER

1. What is steam boiler?

Answer: Steam boiler is a steam generator producing steam at high pressure than atmosphere

 Figure 1.1 :  Steam Generator

2. What is temperature?

Answer: It is a measurement of heat energy level of hotness.

                 It is a measurement of Hotness / Heat Energy

Figure 1.2 : Temperature

3. What is pressure?

Answer: It is a measurement of force per units’ area.

Figure 1.3 :  Pressure Gauge

 

4. What types of boiler?

a) Electric Steam Boiler

Capacity:    15 kg/hr to 500 kg/hr

Pressure:        7 barg to 10 barg

                      7 kg/cm2 to 10 kg/cm2

                      100 psig to 145 psig

Manufacture:    Simon (Australia)

                       Fulton (USA)

Figure 1.4: Electric Steam Boiler

 

 

Capacity:    1000 PPH – 60000 PHH

Manufacture:    Mechmar Titan Boiler

                       IBAC Robey Boilers

        Maxitherm

 

Figure 1.5: Fire Tube Boiler

 

 

c) Water Tube Boiler – liquid fuel and solid fuel

                                                  Capacity:    200 kg/hr  – 60000 kg/hr

 

                                                 Manufacture:    Fraser I

                                                                         Fraser II (1993-1994)

                                                                         Bi Drum

 

Figure 1.6: Water Tube Boiler

5. What types of pass in Fire Tube Boiler?

a) Two (2) pass fire tube boiler.

Figure 1.7: Two Pass Reverse Flame Fire Tube Boiler

 

b) Three (3) Pass Fire Tube Boiler

Figure 1.8: Three Pass Fire Tube Boiler

 

6. What are other types of boiler?

a) Combine Boiler (Water Tube – Fire Tube Combination Boiler)

Figure 1.9: Combine Boiler

 

b) Water Tube Boiler (Bi-Drum)

Figure 1.10: Bi-Drum Water Tube Boiler

 

Figure 1.11: Principal of Bi-Drum Boiler

 

c) Tubeless Boiler

 

 

 

 

Figure 1.12: Tubeless Boiler